Page 14 - MWC 02-25-2021s

The Midwest Cattleman · February 25, 2021 · P14
Match Cow’s Milk Production to Forage Resources

The nutrient needs of a cow are related to her size and milk production. By Steve Boyles, Ohio State University Extension beef specialist

Beef cow type differences exist lot operator is looking for calves TDN and CP, compared to live Cow size limits the gut fill and
due to size, milk production, suit- that have an acceptable dressing weight alter the amount of calf thus DMI for milk production
ability to the environment and percent and attain USDA Choice expected per cow. at a given weight. Since intake
desirability of different types for grade at 1,100 to 1,400 pounds. Let us say that we expect a cannot be increased, feed quali-
profit. All these factors affect the Various combinations of different 1,000-pound cow to wean a 500- ty must be increased. High milk
amount of nutrients required. bulls and cows can accomplish pound calf or 50% of her body producing cows must have access
The nutrient requirements of the this goal. weight. The 1,300-pound cow to high-quality pasture, hay or
various cow types can determine Here are some factors to con- should be expected to wean a silage. High-milking cows will
different management schemes. sider: calf of 565 pounds. This is only more rapidly lose condition on an
There are several segments of Size and nutrition about 47% of her body weight. inadequate ration compared to
the industry that influence size Considerable changes in out- These figures are based on her lower-milking cows. This may re-
of beef cattle. In recent years, puts and requirements per ani- increased nutrient requirement sult in longer postpartum inter-
the packer-grocery store segment mal may be induced by changes and not body size or body weight. vals for high milk producing cows
has preferred USDA Choice car- in cow size. An increase in live Comparisons of size should ac- on low-quality roughages.
casses in the 700- to-900-pound weight of about 15% to 18% in- count for differences in weight Thus, these results suggest
range. To achieve this, the feed- creases dry matter intake (DMI) and condition. Fat cows may have that maintenance requirements
about 12% to lower maintenance requirements per unit weight, metabolic weight
16%. Total di- than thin cows. or size differed little due to
gestible nu- Milk production and nutrient weight, but that genetic poten-
trients and requirements tial for milk did alter production
crude protein The nutrient needs of a cow requirements. High-milking and
requirements are related to her size and milk low-milking cows can be fed to-
are increased production. The energy required gether during most of the year. It
at somewhat for milk production is directly is only during lactation that sep-
lower percent- proportional to the amount of arate feeding arrangements need
ages compared milk she produces for a given cow be considered.
to an 18% in- of a given size. An increase from Environment and nutrient
crease in cow 10 pounds per day to 20 pounds requirements
When selecting genetics and cow types, a cow-calf producer live weight. The per day (50%) results in a smaller Farm conditions determine
should consider the merits and detriments of the various types of lower increase increase in DMI compared to in- the type of cows to have. Annual
cattle, history with drought or blizzard conditions, and animal creases in TDN and CP.
performance in optimum environments. in requirements, continued on page 21
“Th
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Kind”
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